ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the antiproliferative and apoptotic effect of gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) on the Jurkat cells as t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line.

The Jurkat cells were cocultured with GMSCs or alone at 37°C 5% CO₂ humidified atmosphere with different culture periods and concentrations. The Jurkat cells were subjected to flow cytometry analysis for proliferation, apoptosis, and necrosis by staining the cells with Annexin V and 7AAD antibodies. Intracellular IL-2 secretion in the Jurkat cells was analyzed to determine the proliferative cytokine secretion. CD4þCD25þFoxP3þ cells were analyzed to determine the regulatory T cell population. TNFR1 and TNFR2 expressions were analyzed for cell death signaling pathways.

GMSCs significantly reduced the proliferative response of the Jurkat cells in 48 hours of culture period in 1:1, 1:2, and 1:5 (GMSC:Jurkat) ratios. The minimum inhibitory effect on the proliferative response was found to be in 1:5 ratios. GMSCs significantly increased the rate of early apoptosis and necrosis of Jurkat cells in 1:5 (GMSC:Jurkat) ratios. Intracellular IL-2 secretion of the Jurkat cells significantly reduced with GMSCs (P < .05). GMSCs tended to increase CD4þCD25þFoxP3þTcell population in the Jurkat cells in 24 and 48 hours of culture periods, but no significant difference was observed (P > .05). TNFR2 expression on the Jurkat cells significantly increased within the culture periods when cultured with GMSCs.

This study demonstrated that GMSCs can response to acute leukemia T cells and can modulate the proliferative response by increasing the apoptosis and necrosis and TNFR2 expression and by decreasing IL-2 secretion. Further in vitro or in vivo studies can be performed to investigate the molecular mechanisms or suppressive effects of GMSCs on acute leukemia T cell cells.